“由于被保险人或其雇员未采取合理的预防措施,确保保险标的存放于冷冻,或在适当的情况下,适当隔离和冷藏处所,而引起的损失、损害或费用。”
本条措辞与我们根据协会冷冻食品保险条款已作注释的条款相同。见第51页。
在 24小时故障(A)条款中,除了4.4款“固有缺陷”除外之外,其余相同,该款措辞为“根据上述第1.2款特别承保的因温度变化引起的灭失、损害或费用除外。”
在24小时故障(C)条款中,有一项附加除外规定:
“4.7 deliberate damage to or deliberate destruction of the subject-matter insured or any part thereof by the wrongful act of any person or persons”.
“4.7任何人的不法行为,故意损害或故意破坏保险标的或其任何部分”。
正如我们已注释的那样,当该保险是基于限制性条件时,本除外是习惯性的。
第5条 不适航和不适运除外条款(Unseaworthiness and Unifitness Exclusion Clause)
在所有的三种格式中,第5条不适航和不适运除外条款,均已按我们已作解释的有关协会商品贸易保险条款修订。
第6和7条 战争和罢工除外条款
第6和7条战争和罢工除外条款均为标准格式条款。
第8条 运送条款(Transit Clause)
本条在三种格式中完全相同。
8.1 This insurance attaches from the time
8.1.1 the goods pass into the cooling and/or freezing chambers of the works at the place named herein, provided that the period in such chambers prior to shipment on board the oversea vessel shall not exceed 60 days unless prompt notice be given to the Underwriters and an additional premium paid for each further period of 30 days or part thereof.
8.1.2 the goods are loaded into the conveyance at the freezing works or cold store at the place named herein for the commencement of the transit.
8.1.3 of loading of the goods into the oversea vessel.
8.2 This insurance continues during the ordinary course of transit to and whilst in
8.2.1 cold store at the destination named herein or
8.2.2 any other cold store which the Assured elect to use following discharge of the goods from the oversea vessel at the port of discharge either
8.2.2.1 for storage other than in the ordinary course of transit or
8.2.2.2 for allocation or distribution
8.3 This insurance terminates
8.3.1 for transit to a destination in the Continent of Europe(including Eire and the United Kingdom), U.S.A. or Canada on the expiry of 30 days
8.3.2 for transit to a destination elsewhere on the expiry of 5 days after final discharge of the goods from the oversea vessel at the port of discharge.
8.4 Any disposal of the goods other than by storage as in 8.2.1 or 8.2.2 above(except with the prior consent of the Underwriters)or any removal from cold store before the expiry of the relevant period in 8.3.1 or 8.3.2 above shall terminate the insurance on such goods.
8.5 If, after discharge overside from the oversea vessel at the final port of discharge, but prior to termination of this insurance, the goods are to be forwarded to a destination other than that to which they are insured hereunder, this insurance, whilst remaining subject to termination as provided for above, shall not extend beyond the commencement of transit to such other destination.
8.6 This insurance shall remain in force (subject to termination as provided for above and to the provisions of Clause 9 below)during delay beyond the control of the Assured, any deviation, forced discharge, reshipment or transhipment and during any variation of the adventure arising from the exercise of a liberty granted to shipowners or charterers under the contract of affreightment.
8.1 本保险责任始于
8.1.1货物进入载明地点的工厂的冷藏或冷冻室,如果在运至海船船上之前,在此种冷室的期间不超过60天,除非迅速通知保险人,并按每30天为一期支付附加保险费,不足30天者,按比例计算。
8.1.2 货物在载明地点的冷冻工厂或冷库为开始运送装入运输工具之时。
8.1.3 将货物装入海船
(上述8.1.1至8.1.3项删除款项不适用(delete sections not applicable))
8.2 本保险在通常运送期间和处于下述处所期间持续
8.2.1 载明目的地的冷库,或
8.2.2 在卸货港卸离海船后的任何其他冷库,由被保险人选用于
8.2.2.1 通常运送过程以外的贮存,或
8.2.2.2 分配或分派
8.3 本保险终止于
8.3.1 在卸货港货物最终卸离海船后期满30天,如果其目的地是欧洲大陆(包括爱尔兰、英国、美国和加拿大)
8.3.2 期满5天,如果其目的地是其他地方
8.4 以不同于上述8.2.1或8.2.2项的贮存方式对货物的任何处置(除非事先取得保险人同意)或在上述8.3.1 或8.3.2项有关期间期满之前从冷库中移走货物。此种货物的保险责任将自动终止。
8.5 如果在最后卸货港卸离海船后,但在本保险终止之前,货物被发送至非本保险承保的目的地,本保险在依然受前述规定的终止制约的同时,截止于开始向此种其他目的地运送之时。
8.6 在被保险人不能控制的迟延、任何绕航、强制卸货、重装或转运期间,以及船东或承租人行使根据货运合同赋予的自由权产生的任何冒险变更期间,本保险继续有效(但须受上述规定的终止和下述第9条规定的制约)。
应当注意,被保险人可从8.1.1, 8.1.2或 8.1.3项选择风险责任的开始。此外,保险终止的时间取决于运送的目的地是欧洲大陆,美国或加拿大,此种情况下,自货物最终卸离海船后期满30天;或目的地是其他地方,则此种期满日仅5天,本保险即终止。然而,如果货物被从卸离海船后存放的冷库中移走,依据8.4 款,此种移动将提前终止保险责任。
8.5 和8.6款与协会货物保险条款8.2 和8.3款相同。
第9条 货运合同终止条款(Termination of Contract of Affreightment Clause)
本条与协会货物保险条款第9条规定相似,除了在货运合同终止后,若迅速通知保险人续保,保险人同意续保的期限(受任何约定展期的制约)为30天,而协会货物保险条款则为60天。
第10至13条
第10至13条与协会货物保险条款的规定完全相同。
第14条 理算条款(Adjustment Clause)
14 Should the subject-matter insured or any part thereof not be shipped any claim in respect thereto shall be adjusted on the basis of its insured value less, where included, freight, duty and all charges not incurred.
14 如果保险标的或其中任何部分未装运,有关这部分的任何索赔,应基于其保险价值,扣除未实际发生的运费、关税和所有的费用进行理算。
本条的效果乃是,倘若就装上海船之前发生的货物或部分货物的灭失或损害提出索赔,理算应根据该灭失的比例,扣除由于货物遭受灭失或损害被保险人没有义务支付的任何运费、关税或费用后计算,而不应按全额保险价值计算。
第15至20条 注意事项和特别注意事项
第15至20条与协会货物保险条款第14至19条对应。在该格式保险单底部有关迅速通知的注意事项亦然。还有一项特别注意事项规定:
SPECIAL NOTE-This insurance does not cover loss damage or expense caused by embargo, or by rejection prohibition or detention by the government of the country of import or their agencies or departments, but does not exclude loss of or damage to the subject-matter insured caused by risks insured hereunder and sustained prior to any such embargo rejection prohibition or detaention.
“特别注意事项:本保险不承保禁运、或进口国政府或其特别机构或部门拒收、禁止或扣押所造成的损失、损害或费用,但并不排除本保险承保的风险引起的,发生在此种禁运、拒收、禁止或扣押之前的保险标的的损失或损害。”
该注意事项及其效果与1986年1月1日版之协会冷冻食品保险条款中的规定相同。见第53页。
(十)国际肉类贸易协会冻肉展期保险条款(仅适用于协会冻肉保险(A)条款(I.M.T.A.Frozen Meat Extension Clause)
1986年1月1日协会冻肉(A)保险条款第1条和第4.4和 4.5款被删除并由下述条款代替:
1 Subject always to the goods being in sound condition at the time of attachment, this insurance covers, except as provided in Clause 4,5,6, and 7 below, loss of, deterioration of, or damage to the subject-matter insured which shall arise during the currency of this insurance.
4 4.4 loss damage or expense arising from bone taint, salmonella, infection prior to attachment of this insurance, fault in preparation dressing cooling freezing wrapping or packing
4.5 claims arising from loss of market
Nevertheless, in the absence of prior notice to the Underwriters to the Underwriters and agreement of any additional premium required by them, this insurance excludes any claim for deterioration of or damage to the subject-matter insured where the period in freezing works and in any cold store, before loading into the conveyance for commencement of the transit, exceeds 60 days.
1、本保险承保除了下述第4,5,6和7条规定者外的,在本保险有效期间发生的保险标的的灭失、腐坏变质或损害,但仍须受货物在本保险责任开始当时处于良好状态的限制。
4.4 因在准备整理、冷藏、冷冻、打包或包装过程中的过错,在本保险责任开始之前骨腐坏、病毒感染引起的灭失、损害或费用。
4.5 因市场损失引起的索赔
尽管如此,在未事先通知保险人,且未达成保险人所要求的附加保险费的情况下,本保险排除保险标的在冷冻厂或任何冷库存放,为开始运送装上运输工具之前已超过60天,产生的腐坏变质或损害而提出的任何索赔。
正如标题所示,本条必须附贴于协会冻肉保险(A)条款,才允许为该保险提供展期。该冻肉保险(A)条款是以“一切险”为条件,还有什么比该承保范围更广的呢?
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