努力倡导规范的法律服务,切莫片面追求“调解撤诉率”
Making efforts to Advocate a Normal Legal services, never only Pursuing of ‘the Rate of Withdrawing Charge through Mediation’
叶自强
【摘要】近年来,许多法院努力提高调解撤诉率,把它作为衡量法官工作好坏的重要指标之一。其目的在于实现一种以调解占主、以判决为辅的法律解决机制。这项司法政策不利于培育法官对法律确定性的追求,不利于培养法官的法律信仰,将严重削弱法官的依法办事观念。(Recent years many courts have emphasized on mediation and withdrawing charges in trial which have become an important part of a judge’s job. Its aim is to carry out a mechanism which mediation is main and trial is minor. This is a judicial policy which is not good for improving the judge’s interest of looking for the certainty of law, is not goof for cultivating their belief of law, will impair their belief of trial by law. )
【关键词】调解;撤诉;司法政策;法律信仰(withdraw charge; rate of withdrawing charge; negative effect)
【全文】
在民事撤诉的司法实践中,法官尤其注重与之相关的司法政策,准确地说,就是近年来各级法院普遍强调所谓“调解撤诉率”,它已经成为衡量法院或法官工作的一个重要考核指标。许多法院为了提高调解撤诉率,将撤诉作为一个解决纠纷的目标,不惜代价予以追求,这是不能不引起我们的深思和警惕。一篇文章写道:
“上海法院加大诉讼调解力度,使许多社会矛盾和纠纷在第一时间得到化解。(2006年—笔者注)7月27日举行的市高院新闻发布会透露:今年1月至6月,全市法院调解撤诉案件达4.8万余件。目前,全市每年诉讼调解撤诉率均占审结民事案件的六成左右。[1]
“由于大部分民事案件特别是婚姻家庭、邻里、物业管理、小额债务和小额损害赔偿案件等,法律关系比较清晰,争议数额较小,上海法院积极开展诉讼调解。各级法院还通过邀请行业协会、医学专家等参与调解,让当事人心服口服地接受调解结果;法院还通过减免诉讼费等举措,引导当事人接受调解、化解纠纷。下半年,上海法院将启动律师参与诉讼调解机制,调动社会资源,共同化解矛盾纠纷,从而进一步降低当事人诉讼成本。”[2]