村民自治中的行政权干预
The Intervention of Administrative Power to Villagers’ Self-government
余韬
【摘要】对行政权与村民自治的关系存在着要求村民自治摆脱行政权干预的认识误区，行政权可以而且应当在村民自治制度运行中进行适当的干预。同时，由于基层政府的管辖范围广，行政管理任务繁重，实践中行政权侵犯村民自治权利、对村民自治事项的不当干预广泛存在。为了实现行政权在农村基层社会的合理运作，应当首先从法律上明确行政权和村民自治权的界限，而在组织结构改革方面以设置基层政府的村级派出机构为宜。
There are some misunderstandings in therelationship between administrative power and villagers’ self-government thatthe villagers’ self-government should get rid of the intervention ofadministrative power. In fact, administrative power should carry on suitableintervention in the practice of villagers’ autonomy system. At the same time,due to huge territory and onerous tasks of foundational governments and otherreasons, the situation that governments intervene the affairs ofvillage illegally still exists widely, which infringes upon villagers’autonomous rights. In order to realize the orderly operation of administrativepower in the basic society of countryside, we must firstly define the legalextensions of administrative power and villagers’ autonomous rights. As to theorganizational structure reform in villagers’ self-government system, it’s agood choice to set up the agency of village and town government in village.
【关键词】村民自治；行政权；干预
villagers’ self-government; administrativepower; intervention
【全文】
随着20世纪80年代初我国农村人民公社时代的结束，相对宽松的村民自治制度逐渐建立起来。在这种制度下，国家将基层政权设置在乡镇一级，而在村设立由村民民主选举产生的自治组织自主办理本村事务，形成“乡政村治”的农村基层治理体制。在这个体制中最重要的主体——乡镇政府和村民自治组织两者间的关系必然会对这一体制的正常运行产生重要的影响，而相对强势并处于主导地位的乡镇政府所代表的行政权对村民自治的干预更是应当予以特别关注。本文拟就村民自治中行政权干预的认识误区、问题的原因以及解决方案做出一定的评述。
