[25] Salomon v. Commissioners of Customs and Excise [1967] 2 QB 116.
[26] Canada Packers Inc. et al v. Terra Nova Tankers Inc. et al,11 Ontario Reports (3d.) 382.
[27] 正如Rosalyn Higgins指出的：“在存在歧义时，解释原则是在可能的情况下国内法应被解释为与国际法义务一致。但首先法院必须判定是否存在歧义，使之可以适用该原则。”参见R. Higgins, Problems and Process: International Law and How We use it (1994) at p. 216. see also Salomon v. Commissioners of Customs and Excise[1967] QB 2 116.
[28] J. Dugard, International Law: A South African Perspective (1994) at pp.339-346.
[29] (1980) 1 ALR Comm. 14.
[30] Ibid. at 77.
[31] Ibid. cf. Kassamali Gulamhusein Company (Kenya) Ltd v. Kytatas Brothers Ltd (1968) 2 ALR Comm. 350.
[32] See also F. C. Okoye, International Law and New African States (1972) at pp. 21-45.
[33] E. Cotran and A. Amissah, Arbitration in Africa (1996), Reviewed in A. A. Asouzu, Arbitration in Africa: Agenda for Reform ( a review article) in (December 1997) 6 ADRLJ 373 and A. A. Asouzu, Guest Editorial in (December 1997) 6 ADRLJ 343.
[34] (1924-26) 10 LR Kenya 122.
[35] Murmansk case [1974] 1 ALR 3-4.
[36] Huggins, supra note 27, at p. 206.
[37] K. T. Ungar, The Enforcement of Arbitral Awards under UNCITRAL’s Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration in (1987) 25 Columbia J Transnational Law 717; C. A. Okoye, Enforcement of Arbitration Awards in Nigeria in (1995) 23 IBL 13; A. I. Okekeifere, The Enforcement and Challenge of Foreign Arbitral Awards in Nigeria in (1997) 14 J. Int’l Arb. 5; A. A. Asouzu, The Adoption of the UNCITRAL Model Law in Nigeria: Implications on the Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards in Journal of Business Law (1999).
[38] See A. A. Asouzu, African States and International Commercial Arbitration: Practice, Participation and Institutional Developments (Ph.D. Thesis: London School of Economics, University of London,1996) at pp. 184-191.
[39] 埃及在1959年加入《纽约公约》。
[40] A. S. El-Kosheri, Egypt in ICCA: Handbook on Commercial Arbitration, vol.II, supp.II (gen. ed., P. Sandrs ) (Jan,1990) at p. 48.
[41] K. Ferguson- Brown, Teaching Public International Law in South Africa: Problems and Possibilities (1994) 27 Comp. and Int. LJ Southern Africa 52.
[42] B. S. Chimni, AALCC’s Regional Centres for Arbitration: Historical Context, Genesis and Functions, Regional Seminar on International Commercial Arbitration, New Delhi, 12-14 March 1984, at p. 105.
[43] Cf. K. M’baye, Commentary in 60 years of ICC Arbitration: A Look at the Future (1984) at pp. 293, 295; J. Paulsson, Third World Participation in International Investment Arbitration (1987) 2 ICSID Review FILJ 19, 50 n. 80.
[44] Gaja, supra note 7, at Article 1 A 4.
[45] Gaja, supra note 7, at I B 2.
[46] See H. Malouche, Tunisia in ICCA: International Handbook on Commercial Arbitration, vol. IV, supp. 18 (gen. ed.. A. Jan van Den Berg)(1994) at pp.1, 12; S. Kallel, The Tunisian Draft Law on International Arbitration in (1992) 7 Arab LQ 175,pp.195-196.
[47] Schwebel, supra note 7, at 85.
[48] See the State of Senegal v. Express-Navigation (1988) 3 ICSID Review FILJ 356 with Introductory Note by Bara Diokhane, at p.352; (1991) 16 Y B Comm. Arb. 171 (excerpt); see also Office National du The et du Sucre v.Phillinpines Sugar Co. Ltd, decision of the court of Appeal, Casablanca, Morocco, 21 June 1983, (1996) 21 Y B Comm. Arb. 627.
[49] “一般说来，尽管公共政策从没有被成功予以界定，但它是国际私法中一个广为人知的、不可分割的部分”。参见A. Nussbaum, Treaties on Commercial Arbitration—A Test of International Private Law Legislation, (1942) 56 Harvard LR 219, at p. 235 citing A. Nussbaum, Public Policy and the Political Crisis in the Conflict of Laws in (1940) 49 Yale LJ 1027.
[50] CBI NZ Ltd v. Badger Chiyoda[1989] 2 NZLR 669 at p. 674.
[51] Karl- Heinz Bockstiegel, Public Policy and Arbitrability in Comparative Arbitration Practice and Public Policy: ICCA Congress Series No.3 (gen. ed., P. Sanders) (1986) at pp.176, 178-181; 有人建议为执行国际仲裁裁决（和仲裁协议）应建立一个国际法院，以适用真正的国际公共政策。参见J. Werner, (June !997) 14 J. Int’l Arb. 5 at pp.13-15; H. M. Holtzmann, in The Internationalisation of International Arbitration (ed. Hunter, Marriot and Veeder, (1995) at p. 109.
[52] 如津巴布韦《
仲裁法》。
[53] P. Lalive, Transnational (or Truly International) Public Policy and International Arbitration in ICCA Congress Series No.3 (gen. ed., P. Sanders)(1987) at p.257; G. Bermini, in Uniform Commercial Law in the Twenty-First Century (Proceedings of the Congress of UNCITRAL, New York, 18 to 22 May 1992) at pp.223, 228 (1995); A. J. van den Berg, Some Practical Questions Concerning the 1958 New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards in Uniform Commercial Law in the Twenty-First Century, op. cit. at pp. 212, 219; J. Paulsson, The New York Convention in International Practice- Problems of Assimilation in ASA Special Series No.9 at pp.100, 113-116; O. Chukwumerije, Mandatory Rules of Law in International Commercial Arbitration (1993) 5 RADIC 561 at pp. 576-579.
[54] “国际公共政策”的概念就其内容、范围、性质而言是有争议的。参见Lalive, op. cit.; Chukwumerije, op. cit.; Otto Sandrock, How Much Freedom Should an International Arbitration Enjoy?—The Desire for Freedom from Law v. The Promotion of International Arbitration in (1992) 3 American Review of International Arbitration 30 at pp.54-55; M. Somarajah, The Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards in Singapore in (1998) 1 Malaya LJ Lxxxvi; M. Somarajah, Refusal of Enforcement by Courts of Secondary Jurisdiction in Singapore Arbitrator (July 1995); L. M. Singhvi, Obstacles to the Enforcement of Awards in India (a paper presented at an International Conference on Arbitration , New Delhi ,5 t0 7 January 1990) at pp. 1,7.
[55] A. J. van den Berg, in Uniform Commercial Law in the Twenty-First Century, op. cit. at pp.219.
[56] 例如吉布提1984年《
仲裁法》第
21条第1款（d）、第
24条第1款（d）；阿尔及利亚1993年《
仲裁法》第
458条第17款；1993年10月17日在毛里求斯路易斯港签订的《非洲商法协调条约》第25条第4款。
[57] Andrew Armfelt, Avoiding the Arbitration Trap in Financial Times (London), 27 October 1992, p. 20; Somarajah, supra note 54.
[58] Armfelt, op. cit.
[59] A.R. Parra, The Rights and Duties of ICSID Arbitrators (1996) 13 News from ICSID No. 1 at pp.1, 4.
[60] 如埃及1994年《民商事事项
仲裁法》第
1条；突尼斯1993年《
仲裁法》第
47条。
[61] 如赞比亚共和国第182号法律《投资争端公约法》（1970年4月17日第18号）；肯尼亚《投资争端公约法》（1966年11月22日第31号）；津巴布韦1995年第16号法律《仲裁（国际投资争端）法》。
[62] 如毛里求斯《投资争端（裁决执行）法》（1969年4月24日第12号法律）；赞比亚1970年《投资争端公约法》第2条；津巴布韦1995年第16号法律前言及第2条。
[63] 如马拉维1966年12月29日第48号法律《投资争端（裁决执行）法》第7条和第3条；毛里求斯1969年第12号法律第8条和第3条。
