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《2002年企业法》与英国竞争法的新发展

See OFT, Overview of the Enterprise Act 2002, available at http://www.oft.gov.uk/enterpriseact/htm.
See Aparna Viswanathan, From Buyer Beware to The Confident Consumer: Does Enterprise Act Create a World Class Competition Regime, I.C.C.L.R. 2003, 14(4), P140.
在法令审议阶段,关于营业额测试曾引起激励的争论。在法令送到贵族院三读时,当时规定的营业额标准是4500万英镑。政府认为,4500万英镑与1973年公平贸易法规定的资产测试所规定的7000万英镑大体相当。贵族院将标准提高到1亿英镑,他们认为,既然营业额通常被认为应超过总资产,那么新的营业额测试标准的数额应超过旧的资产测试7000万英镑的数额。他们还批评政府没有考虑通货膨胀的因素,旧的7000万英镑与现在的8500万英镑相当,应该以该数字为基准来确定营业额测试。按照OFT的估计,英国有7000家公司的营业额达到4500万英镑,如果将数字提高到1亿英镑,那么公司的数量会减少一半,这将使原来符合1973年法令资产测试标准的很多公司可以自由进行合并。平民院接受贵族院的修改建议,但不同意将数字提高到1亿,而选择7000万英镑。他们认为,1亿英镑的门槛将会产生严重的后果,将会导致反竞争的合并在没有竞争当局任何形式的审查下自由进行。经过妥协,最后法令确定的营业额测试标准为7000万英镑。See Tim Frazer, Enterprise Act 2002,The Law Society, 2003, PP65-66.
See Explanatory Notes to Enterprise Act 2002, available at http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/en2002/02en40-b.htm.
See Tim Frazer, Enterprise Act 2002,The Law Society, 2003, P64.
See Explanatory Notes to Enterprise Act 2002, available at
http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/en2002/02en40-b.htm.
See Susan Hinchcliffe, The Enterprise Act 2002: the New Law on Mergers, Cartels and Market Investigations,
Business Law Review, July 2003, P162.
See Aparna Viswanathan, From Buyer Beware to The Confident Consumer: Does Enterprise Act Create a World Class Competition Regime, I.C.C.L.R. 2003, 14(4), P141.
See OFT, Overview of the Enterprise Act 2002, available at
http://www.oft.gov.uk/enterpriseact/htm
Aparna Viswanathan, From Buyer Beware to The Confident Consumer: Does Enterprise Act Create a World Class Competition Regime, I.C.C.L.R. 2003, 14(4), P141.
See Tim Frazer, Enterprise Act 2002,The Law Society, 2003, PP75-78.
Aparna Viswanathan, From Buyer Beware to The Confident Consumer: Does Enterprise Act Create a World Class Competition Regime, I.C.C.L.R. 2003, 14(4), P141.
See OFT, Substantive Assessment Guidance, available at
http://www.oft.gov.uk/enterpriseact/htm
See OFT, Overview of the Enterprise Act 2002, available at
http://www.oft.gov.uk/enterpriseact/htm
See Cosmo Graham, The Enterprise Act 2002 and Competition Law, MLR, Vol.67, No.2, P278.
See Aparna Viswanathan, From Buyer Beware to the Confident Consumer: Does Enterprise Act Create a World Class Competition Regime, I.C.C.L.R. 2003, 14(4), P141.
See Slaughter and May, United kingdom Competition Law, Competition and Antitrust 2003, Euromoney Institutional Investor 2003,P89.
See Tim Frazer, Enterprise Act 2002,The Law Society, 2003, P46.
See Susan Hinchcliffe, The Enterprise Act 2002: the New Law on Mergers, Cartels and Market Investigations,
Business Law Review, July 2003, PP162-163.
See Explanatory Notes to Enterprise Act 2002, available at
http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/en2002/02en40-g.htm.
See Explanatory Notes to Enterprise Act 2002, available at http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/en2002/02en40-g.htm
See OFT, Overview of the Enterprise Act 2002, available at
http://www.oft.gov.uk/enterpriseact/htm
See OFT, Overview of the Enterprise Act 2002, available at
http://www.oft.gov.uk/enterpriseact/htm
See Tim Frazer, Enterprise Act 2002,The Law Society, 2003, P49.
See OFT, Overview of the Enterprise Act 2002, available at
http://www.oft.gov.uk/enterpriseact/htm
See Cosmo Graham, The Enterprise Act 2002 and Competition Law, MLR, Vol.67, No.2, P287.
See Explanatory Notes to Enterprise Act 2002, available at
http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/en2002/02en40-g.htm
See Tim Frazer, Enterprise Act 2002,The Law Society, 2003, P51.


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