英译:Onus goes with the land.
汉译:土地上的负担永远追随土地。
引申意:土地的所有者需承担土地上附着的风险和负担。
52. Consuetudinis magna vis est
英译:The force of habit is great.
汉译:习惯的力量的巨大的。
53. omnia presumuntur contra spoliatorem
英译:All things presumed against the spoliator.
汉译:破坏证据者应承担不利于他的推定。
注:普通法中有一项原则:The doctrine of spoliation,便是源自这一法谚。所谓破坏证据(spoliation),是指在面临诉讼之可能性或现实时销毁、严重改变或疏于保存证据。
54. Furiosus Furore Solum Punitur
英译:The Madman is Punished By Madness Alone.
汉译:疯狂本身便是对疯子的惩罚。
55. Caveat emptor
英译:Let the buyer beware.
汉译:买家当心!
意译:货物出门,概不退换!
56. mater semper certa est
英译:Motherhood is alway certain.
汉译:母亲永远是确定的。
57. Ambigua responsio contra proferentem est accipienda
英译:An ambiguous answer is to be taken against him who offers it.
汉译:对于一项含糊不清的回答,应朝着不利于回答者的方向解释。
注:这一法谚所体现的原则后来演变为“doctrine of contra preferentem”,是普通法法域解释保险单的一项重要原则。
58. Ratio est legis anima; mutata legis ratione mutatur et lex
英译:Reason is the soul of the law; the reason of the law being changed, the law is also changed.
汉译:法律因某种理由而存在;理由发生了变化,法律也会发生相应的变化。
59. Actus not facit reum nisi mens sit rea
英译:An act does not make one guilty unless his mind is guilty.
汉译:单凭行为不能判定某人有罪,除非他还有犯罪的意图。
注:这句法谚里面包含着英美
刑法中最重要的概念之一:“mens rea”(犯罪意图,主观恶意)
60. Iniquum est aliquem suae rei esse judicem
英译:It is unfair for someone to be a judge in his own affairs.